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Wheeler, Jesse Samba Samuel. "Made in Congo: Rumba Lingala and the Revolution in Nationhood." . N.p., 1999. Web. 4 Jun 2012. http://archive.org/details/Jesse_Samba_Samuel_Wheeler.Made_in_Congo.

Wheeler, Jesse Samba. Rumba Lingala as Colonial Resistance. N.p., 2005. Web. 4 Jun 2012. http://www.imageandnarrative.be/inarchive/worldmusica/jessesambawheeler.htm.

Ukwendu, Jeanne Egbosiuba. "Luba Customs and Traditions." Bella Online. N.p., 2012. Web. 4 Jun 2012. http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art65384.asp.

. "Memory Board (Lukasa)." The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History , n.d. Web. 4 Jun 2012. <http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1977.467.3>.

. "Atalakus yes or no?." Vibes d' Afrique. N.p., 5 June 2011. Web. 4 Jun 2012. http://vibesdafrique.proboards.com/index.cgi?board=1&action=display&thread=4287.

. "Do you Chuduku?." 12 Degrees of Freedom. N.p., 30 March 2009. Web. 4 Jun 2012. <http://12degreesoffreedom.blogspot.com/2009/03/do-you-chukudu.html>.

. "It Saves Lives. We Call it a chukudu!." Now African. N.p., 19 August 2010. Web. 4 Jun 2012. http://www.nowafrican.org/en/it-saves-lives/.

Murdock, Heather. "Pushing Goods in Carts Provides Needed Work for E. Congolese." The Cutting Edge News. Voice of America, 02 Jan 2012. Web. 4 Jun 2012. http://www.thecuttingedgenews.com/index.php?article=53556.
. "Fufu." Whats4Eats. N.p., 2012. Web. 5 Jun 2012. http://www.whats4eats.com/vegetables/fufu-recipe.

. "Fufu." Congo Cookbook. N.p., 2009. Web. 5 Jun 2012. http://congocookbook.com/staple_dish_recipes/fufu.html.

. "Do you think fufu is disgusting? (I do!)?." Yahoo Answers. Yahoo, 2008. Web. 5 Jun 2012. http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080121112855AAO4Sli.

Ziemke, Jennifer. "Democratic Republic of the Congo ." Countries and their Cultures. Every Culture, 2012. Web. 5 Jun 2012. http://www.everyculture.com/Bo-Co/Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo.html.

Muswam, Wendy Kadianda. "Democratic Republic of Congo: Fufu." Multicultural Recipes. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Jun 2012. http://multiculturalrecipes.blogspot.com/2010/05/democratic-republic-of-congo-fufu.html.

. "How to make Fufu ( Traditional way in Ghana )." Youtube. AfricanFoodTV, 17 Aug 2010. Web. 5 Jun 2012. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dl_eD9jucb8&feature=related.

. "Video Presentation." Fufu Express. Mafro Foods, n.d. Web. 5 Jun 2012. http://mafrofoods.com/html/video_presentation.html.

Sullivan, Chris. "The Gentlemen of Bakongo – The Importance of Being Elegant." Sabotage Times. N.p., 9 Aug 2011. Web. 5 Jun 2012. http://www.sabotagetimes.com/fashion-style/the-importance-of-being-elegant/.

Murphy, Sean. Africa Feed. N.p., 29 Jan 2009. Web. 5 Jun 2012. http://www.africafeed.com/post/73905767/the-sapeurs-of-congo-open-gutters-and-gucci-loafers.

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Sompa, Titos. "Congolese Dance." Mbongi Village. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Apr 2012. <http://www.mbongivillage.org/dance.html>.

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"Ratification by the Democratic Republic of the Congo of the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (Paris, 17 October 2003)." UNESCO. Office of International Standards and Legal Affairs, 19 Oct 2010. Web. 5 Jun 2012. http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=48153&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html.

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. "U.S. AMBASSADORS FUND FOR CULTURAL PRESERVATION 2010 AWARDS." U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE. BUREAU OF EDUCATIONAL & CULTURAL AFFAIRS, 2010. Web. 5 Jun 2012. http://exchanges.state.gov/media/pdfs/office-of-policy-and-evaluations/ambassadors-fund/afcp2010list.pdf.

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Folklore and Tourism

"More a geographical concept than a fully fledged nation"

http://www.lonelyplanet.com/democratic-republic-of-congo

"But Kinshasa could be worth a brief if tentative visit by the brave and well-travelled explorer armed with a close eye on security and a true sense of African adventure. Think less of historic monuments and broad tree-lined avenues and more of traditional handicrafts, bustling markets and a vibrant nightlife that pulsates to the unique rhythms of soukous."
http://www.lonelyplanet.com/democratic-republic-of-congo/kinshasa

 

It will stay in my memory forever. To think that I was so afraid before we visited Congo - now I cant think what I was afraid of!
The people are so amazing and so beautiful. How can people smile and be so happy when they have nothing, when they could be dying.

http://www.virtualtourist.com/travel/Africa/Democratic_Republic_of_Congo/Things_To_Do-Democratic_Republic_of_Congo-MISC-BR-1.html

Chuduku

http://www.virtualtourist.com/travel/Africa/Democratic_Republic_of_Congo/Local_Customs-Democratic_Republic_of_Congo-MISC-BR-1.html

http://jalopnik.com/5699215/the-20-chukudu-is-the-pickup-truck-of-the-congo

http://www.nowafrican.org/en/it-saves-lives/

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71lKJmtEc0w&feature=related

http://12degreesoffreedom.blogspot.com/2009/03/do-you-chukudu.html

Chuduku

A Chuduku is a device used for transporting things and occasionally people in the DRC.  I have seen it described as a “wooden bicycle” or “wooden scooter.”  Essentially it is a wooden board on two rubber covered wheels with “a steering handle atop an upside-down fork” ("12 Degrees of Freedom"). The device is named for the sound it makes—chuduku, chuduku, chuduku. They originated in Goma, the capital city of North Kivu and it has become such a symbol of the city that there has even been a statue erected in the device’s honor.  The stature is of a man on a chuduku and the plate at its base explains that it represents “the ‘sustained effort and diligent work’ that leads a country to development” ("Now African").  One man living in Goma explained that “chukudu carts were developed by farmers, who once pushed their goods to market over Congo's rocky roads on wheel-barrows” (Murdock). Yet another source I found suggests that even the oldest citizens of Goma have no recollection of exactly when or how the Chuduku was developed.

What the Chuduku means for the people of Goma, is a way to make a living. Men will sell their services hauling groceries, construction material, clothing, firewood—anything up to 1300 pounds that can be strapped on with a little rope.  Many sources say a man can make from six to ten dollars on a good day which is a good amount of money for the area, and because the “scooter” only cost around 20 dollars and is made of such lasting materials, a man can more than pay for his investment in a couple days.

From what I have seen it is mainly men who use chudukus, which is a shame because I read in a blog called “12 degrees of Freedom” that it is very common to see women carrying massive loads of things like food or laundry on their heads.  In contrast, men generally carry only their personal belongings.  The blog asserted, and I agree, that the chuduku could bring much liberation to women.  She explains that if a household owned a chuduku, the woman could ask the man to carry a load with him.  Though this will by no means equally distribute the work between men and women, it will literally take a large load off of her

Fufu

http://www.everyculture.com/Bo-Co/Democratic-Republic-of-the-Congo.html
http://multiculturalrecipes.blogspot.com/2010/05/democratic-republic-of-congo-fufu.html
http://congocookbook.com/staple_dish_recipes/fufu.html